Fabric shrinkage occurs when textile fibers relax or swell during washing, drying, or steaming, causing dimensions to contract. Manufacturers use controlled pre-shrinking processes to stabilize material before cutting. Garment producers, upholsterers, and consumers benefit by avoiding misshapen fits or distorted seams. Understanding shrinkage rates ensures accurate pattern making, reduces returns, and prolongs product lifespan. Proper care labels help maintain original sizing.
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